Bright yellow spider

Common names [ edit ]

Argiope Writing Spider, resting on a branch in a garden in South Carolina

In North America, Argiope aurantia is commonly known as the black and yellow garden spider . zipper spider . corn spider . and writing spider . because of the similarity of the web stabilimenta to writing.

In England, Argiope bruennichi . where it is found only on the southern coast, and in other parts of Europe, including Germany, is also known as the wasp spider . The East Asian species Argiope amoena is known in Japan as kogane-gumo . In Australia. Argiope keyserlingi and A. aetherea are known as St. Andrew's Cross spiders . for their habit of resting in the web with legs outstretched in the shape of an X, the cross of St. Andrew. The large white zigzag in the centre of its web is called the stabilimentum or web decoration.

In the Philippines. it is known as gagambang ekis . which translates to X spider . Some regions call them gagambang pari . which translates to priest spider .

Misumena vatia

Misumena calycina

Misumena occidentalis

Contents

Description [ edit ]

These spiders may be yellow or white, depending on the flower in which they are hunting. Especially younger females, which may hunt on a variety of flowers such as daisies and sunflowers. may change color "at will". Older females require large amounts of relatively large prey to produce the best possible clutch of eggs. They are therefore, in North America, most commonly found in goldenrod ( Solidago sp. ), a bright yellow flower which attracts large numbers of insects, especially in autumn. It is often very hard even for a searching human to recognize one of these spiders on a yellow flower. These spiders are sometimes called banana spiders because of their striking yellow color.

Reproduction [ edit ]

The much smaller males scamper from flower to flower in search of females and are often seen missing one or more of their legs. This may be due either to near misses by predators such as birds or to fighting with other males.

When a male finds a female, he climbs over her head over her opisthosoma onto her underside, where he inserts his pedipalps to inseminate her.

The young reach a size of about 5 mm by autumn and spend the winter on the ground. They molt for the last time in May of the next year.

Color change [ edit ]

These spiders change color by secreting a liquid yellow pigment into the outer cell layer of the body. On a white base, this pigment is transported into lower layers, so that inner glands, filled with white guanine. become visible. The color similarity between the spider and the flower is well matched with a white flower, in particular the Chaerophyllum temulum . compared to a yellow flower based on the spectral reflectance functions. [ 2 ] If the spider dwells longer on a white plant, the yellow pigment is often excreted. It will then take the spider much longer to change to yellow, because it will have to produce the yellow pigment first. The color change is induced by visual feedback; spiders with painted eyes were found to have lost this ability.

The color change from white to yellow takes between 10 and 25 days, the reverse about six days. The yellow pigments have been identified as kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine [ 3 ]

The Yellow Sac Spider

The yellow sac spider, with the Latin name Cheiracanthium inclusum is very common in most of the United States. The yellow sac spider is a cause of many bites in the U. S. and a lot of house spiders are crushed on suspicion of being yellow sac spiders. Its bite correspond in pain to a bite from a wasp.

Are yellow sac spiders poisonous?

Yes yellow sac spiders are venomous - poisonous in daily language.

Bites from yellow sac spiders are also often misidentified as brown recluse spider bites. The symptoms and the development of the wound are quite the same but much less severe.

Life Cycle of the Yellow Sac Spider

In the autumn, when the food is disappearing, the yellow sac spider heads indoors to find food. It is often seen on walls. If disturbed, it drops to the floor.

Egg sacs are laid in corners of all sorts. The egg sacs are white and spun with silk. The female may guard its egg sac, so one has to be careful removing egg sacs from a yellow sac spider.

During the summer, when there's plenty of food, the yellow sack spider prefers to live on trees, shrubs, and in low vegetation close to open expanses, such as fields. Occasionally it is found in cotton crops.

Instructions

Inspect the legs. Crab spiders tend to have longer front legs than back legs. Recluse spiders tend to have thicker legs with darker joints. Garden spiders tend to have shinier legs that are a solid color. Orb weaver spiders tend to have legs that will stretch out into an "X" pattern.

Inspect the body shape. Crab spiders tend to have a flat, bulbous abdomen that resembles a sea crab. Recluse spiders tend to have a flat thorax and oblong abdomen. Garden spiders will have a large, bulbous abdomen that dwarfs their thorax, and orb weavers often have an enlarged thorax and smaller oblong abdomens.

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